Tamoikin's Expert School (TES)

 
The school was founded in April, 2004

Brief License Rights reception rules for commercial use of the Method.

TES commercial activity is sale of rights to use the Method by each applicant which has agreed on below mentioned conditions, in turn - for own commercial profit. Thus the further resale is forbidden to the third parties. The essence of the Method (Patent right of Russian Federation № 2264654, Ukraine -  № 20560, PCT International Bureau of WIPO, Geneva,  Switzerland №000074) is completely described above and its applicability is obvious. Each applicant wishing to acquire legal rights for commercial use (in part or completely) of the Method developed by authors, after the written approval within the conditions of the License Agreement, carries out requirements for one of the accepted variants (as described below). After completing all formalities by each side, TES sends to applicant address (already the owner) the Certificate of the established format which grants the License rights for commercial benefit to the owner of the Certificate for the period of one year. With the Certificate the user receives a certificate license card for the same time period of one year. After the expiry date, under condition that TES has no claims to the owner of the Certificate and completion of further TES requirements the user is granted new License rights for the period three years and a higher rank, much more prestigious Certificate. After expiry of this date, having all formalities done, - the user moves to a next prestigious Certificate level for the period of 5 years.

There are 5 types of Certificates: Standard, Silver, Gold, Platinum and Diamond.

Standard Certificate
Given to a person who has observed all License Agreement conditions, for 1 year period.

Silver certificate
Given to a person who has accomplished all License Agreement conditions, and holds professional advantages, for 1 year period.

Gold certificate
Given out to Standard or Silver Certificate holder, who has accomplished all Licence Agreement conditions, for 3 years period.

Platinum certificate
Given out to Gold Certificate holder, who has accomplished all Licence Agreement conditions, for 5 years period.

Diamond certificate
Given out to Gold Certificate holder, who has accomplished all Licence Agreement conditions, for 10 years period.

METHODOLOGY of TES
(Gradation of TES; Basic Cost of TES; 20 criteria of TES; five formulas of calculation of market cost of a collection subject)

1. Principles of Methodology of TES

Following principles with which in our opinion should correspond a technique of an appraising of the collection subject for the first time are put in a basis of methodology of TES:

(1) universality of TES method - i.e. There has been made and introduced into the world practice an attempt of a method with which help to generate a market price for any collection subject (CS);
(2) independent ability to everyone competent and having the secondary education, studied TES technique, to make own calculations and by that to define probable cost of the CS in the world market;
(3) TES methodology is based on absolute clearness and logicality in definition of a current market price for the CS that is completely conformable with opinion of known expert J.Verner /1 /, who’s saying («If the expert writes in the language not clear to you, it is better to not have any business with him ») for a long time became a postulate for many experts. And as a philosophical basis of TES methodology we take a principle of working out of standards of the United Nations: «the method of an appraising or standardization should have clear and accessible interpretation for understanding of any, reading on the native language»;
(4) primacy and compulsion of art-critic and material testing conclusions; thus - the more conclusions and the stronger such conclusion is in the scientific plan, the more precisely market price calculation on TES method;
(5) for the first time in the world it was offered by us as "reference point" - Basic Cost (BC) - to use the numbers received from enough labor-consuming analytical studying of the historical cost price of a subject and all expenses, connected with it «today's phenomenon» to the world (i.e. there were studied and summed into BC number all the values in money equivalent, thus frankly speaking CS for now “takes place to be”). Thus by us it has been especially underlined, that calculation of BC is essentially-important problem which finally means the decision in the form of writing of a number in the nowadays-operating currency, reflecting the modern quotation of gold at the world stock exchange (dollar, euro, ruble, etc.);
(6) further calculation of current market cost of any collection subject was reduced to the formula of change of BC depending on some factor of each of 20 criteria (more in detail – see /2, 3/). Here it is important to underline, that all our criteria have been chosen from considerable quantity of all variety of concepts and terms (used by experts in the world) by a principle having mathematical display. Differently, criteria of similarity of "width of flight of author's thought», «sacrament of an innuendo of a plot» or «sensations of an extraordinary attraction and force of a picture/icon/sculpture, etc.», often enough met in expert opinions, have been excluded by us from application in TES methodology;
(7) at a logic reasoning on which of possible factors of each criterion to apply, strictly following conclusions of art criticism and material testing examinations, TES appraiser is obliged to choose the least value. It is clear, that following to this TES principle, TES appraiser brings to naught probability of an error in the calculations.
(8) we offer for the first time, a principle of acceptance of final, TES calculated, a market price as the minimum (bottom) value. In other words, TES calculated price should be recognized by a minimum of that, how much should cost in the world market examined CS;
(9) in case of commercial using of TES method, TES expert-appraiser bears personal moral, material and legal responsibility for the given documentation on examination of a current market price for the CS. In the scientific conclusion TES expert convincingly proves each figure accepted for calculations.

2. Five parts of TES Methodology

About TES methodology of calculation of market cost of any CS it is possible to speak as about the "confidential" lock, to open which it is possible only possessing and consistently operating with five "keys":

1. «The key №1» - that is provenance, art criticism and
material testing examinations. Without these data the appraiser
cannot use convincingly enough
TES Gradation and Criteria.

2. «The key №2» - that is TES Gradation, on which basis the formula of conducting calculation of a market price is chosen. (TES 1 - 4).

3. «The key №3» - that is definition of TES Basic Cost.

4. «The key №4» - that is selection of factors of each of 20 TES Criteria.

5. «The key №5» - that is carrying out of final calculations by one
of the formulas which choice is defined by TES Gradation

Non-use at least of one of these five "keys" does all process of examination of the price «not viable». Only in logical and consecutive use of all of five, specified above, components of TES method will allow, in our belief, to solve such important problem as definition of a market price of any antique-cultural value. For practical using of TES methodology for the expert, knowledge of history and economy of the period of creation of the CS are essential. The stronger vocational training of the appraiser in all aspects, somehow connected with examined thing, the more exact will be the calculation.
As far as the TES method is developed for possibility of independent carrying out of calculation of the minimum market cost of the CS, then everyone, started such work, should as well independently estimate own erudition, and depending on it to choose one of three versions of definition of Basic Cost. Thereupon we will especially underline, that revaluation of own possibilities, of course, will lead to a calculation error. And as each accepted figure is fixed in writing («written by a feather - you can not cut down by an axe»), and the final value sooner or later will receive a public resonance, so the image of such appraiser will suffer seriously, and it is also possible, his "wallet" too.

3. Gradation of subjects on TES methodology

All variety of the CS is conditionally subdivided in two big groups –
(1) Group A: publicly recognized by the price
(2) Groups B and C: all the others.

The first step of TES appraiser should be classification of examined CS to the one of two following groups (A or B/C; CS cannot be simultaneously concerned to both groups):

Group A: the CS already having the fact of a public recognition of the price.

In another words, this group would include the CS, which has already had the fact of sale through official, different rank, auction; or a deal with announcing of the price has been publicly announced in mass media; or the price for the CS has been accepted by the international insurance company, licensed for carrying out operations with antiques. Certainly, it is impossible to carry the CS to this group, which publicly declared prices within a month from the date of publication were proved protest, besides, publicly shined in mass media. Certainly, we can’t refer the CS to this group, transactions on which although have passed publicly, but CS are in custody or have legal problems with the property right. All the CS which belong to the group A, following world practice, already became the same equivalent of economic mutual relations as, for example, gold, and from the moment of the second (naturally not roguish) public resale (change of the proprietor) find own "financial" life. The practice shows, that the last sale or the fact of a public recognition of the price, is the minimum market price for this CS. We will especially notice, that, following the given TES technique, all the CS, sited at museums, exhibitions and having some recognition of the society without the announcement (in proper way) of publicly proved price, does not concern group A.

Groups B and C: the CS which do not have the fact of a public recognition of the price.
This set of the CS represents that uncountable variety of things which have not got to catalogues of auction sales or had no international public recognition of the price. As known, through all modern world network of auctions passes only 0,03 % of the CS. Hence - the volume of the CS which potentially require an appraising is incredibly huge.
In this connection, it is extremely important to mean, that in TES methodology in semantic concept of the term "rarity" includes quantity of identical analogues (exact copies) of the discussed CS, which is known nowadays to a society. Differently, despite that fact, that in due time the plural quantity of typical marks/amphoras/coins/banknotes, etc., for example, has been published, we accept only that quantity which has remained up to now. And still, - it is clear, that the term «an exact copy» is relative (i.e. just as «you can’t enter the same river twice»), that concerning copies of Van Gogh’s paintings causes many disputes till now. We suggest TES expert for each concrete case to do the (written) conclusions, strictly being based on the expert opinion of critics and material testers who should establish, how much examined CS corresponds to other known similar samples.
Therefore we will accurately formulate the position regarding, what in our opinion should be considered as a rarity for appraising by the TES technique:

Unique - the CS recognized as the international community cultural-historical value, without dependence from time of creation and known in the world as the single copy.

Under the term «the rare CS» we suggest to accept such CS, the quantity of which exact copies is in a following field of values:
(1) from 2 to 1000 for the CS, older than 500 years / concerning such CS is offered to use term "especially rare";
(2) from 2 to 100 for the CS, created from 100 to 500 years ago;
(3) from 2 to 25 for the CS, older than 25 years, but is more younger than 100 years;
(4) from 2 to 10 for the CS created less than 25 years ago (Table. №1).

Why do we accept such figures? Certainly, it is relative just as relative is the gold cost at the international stock exchange or possibility of participation in elections on reaching certain age. Other reason, probably, in any measure explains that in many countries the term "antiques" are meant all the subjects created more than 100 years ago. Besides The convention offered by us, is developed on the basis of opinions of huge number of respondents which to a greater or lesser extent are professional "players" in the antiques market. At last, we are convinced, that to rare CS (for this reason it has name "rarity" from English “rare”) undoubtedly concern all relics are more older than 500 years, but also insignificant quantity of the CS which authors are the nowadays-well masters recognized by a society.

So, having accepted gradation of the CS on TES methodology, the expert absolutely accurately can carry any of analyzed CS to that, or other group and a subgroup.

Table №1. Gradation of the CS under the factor of "rarity" and a recommended variant of TES method on definition of a current market price (explanation are in the text).

4. Definition of Basic Cost


Earlier /2, 3/we have suggested to audiences to use in calculations BC depending on vocational training of the appraiser one of three versions:

(1) the most simple of them, developed for poorly prepared TES listener is acceptance of BC for unit. In this case, naturally, final figure reflecting a market price, will be the most minimum and strongly underestimated (but nevertheless can be a reference point of the "bottom" price, for example, for the provincial-proprietor from remote places of Russia in disputes with the cunning buyer);
(2) the second version of TES method concerning BC assumes acceptance as a reference point of the figure corresponding to modern cost of materials. Differently, TES appraiser proves on an actual material the price of the cost price of the CS as, for example, if the CS was produced at the moment of examination carrying out. The final figure of the settlement price for the CS will be much above, than at acceptance of BC under version (1).
(3) last version of more difficult level and certainly demands high preparation of TES appraiser, time of studying and responsibility for acceptance of those or other values at writing BC. We will explain more in detail a course of reasoning of TES appraiser under version (3):



BC in TES-1 technique /1/ it is offered to calculate under the formula:
BC = PC + E + L; PC = CM + CW
Where PC - Primary Cost of the CS;
CM - Cost of Materials of which the CS consists;
CW - Cost of Work of the manufacturer;
E - expenses connected with CS occurrence to a modern society
(The expenses connected, for example, In cost of services of the diver who has lifted an amphora from a sea bottom, or the finance spent on a trip for purchase of the CS in another country, etc.);
L - the expenses connected with services in legalization of the CS (Legal assurance of the transaction, expert judgments, Reception of the passport and carrying out marks on the CS, etc.)


5. The table of TES Criteria
To changes of the new version of the Table of Criteria, unlike described earlier /2,3/ it is necessary to carry association from the "old" version of two criteria (№4 and №7) into one, nowadays existing only under №4 (see Table. № 2), elimination of one criterion (№21 in the "old" version) in connection with the account of this factor with a recognition of TES Gradation at CS examination, and also introduction of new criterion under № 8.
. The new version of the Table of TES Criteria looks as follows:

The table № 2. Operational criteria ("steps") of TES at definition of the settlement of Market cost of a subject of collecting.

6. Four various formulas of calculation of an appraising on TES and factor fields of 20 criteria.

Earlier/2,3/we had been offered the formula of calculation of the price of the CS on the basis of multiplication, and it looked as follows. After a choice of one of versions (and on its basis - definition) Basic Cost (fig. 1), to TES appraiser was offered to make simple multiplication of BC to each of factors of each criteria consistently chosen by him. The received figure in variant TES-1 was final settlement value of the price of the CS, and in variant TES-2 to such value were added all (confirmed properly) the accompanying expenses (such as transportation, legalization - that in case of TES-1 has already been considered in BC).

Fig. 1 Scheme of process of work of the expert on method TES-2.


As a result for told above - being based on own experience, history of pricing and modern lines of development of the antiquarian market, we do a conclusion, that the formula of calculation of a market price on the basis of multiplication is applicable, but not for everything, and only for "elite" group of the CS to which it is necessary to carry the CS of rank B.I. And B.II.1-4.
The expert, certainly, will notice, that if to follow the theory of TES methodology set above, that, having accepted its gradation, number of the CS carried to the third, most mass rank (group), will make at least 95 % of "commodity weight» of antiquarian market. And it is obvious.
What does methodology TES offer as the settlement formula for the most numerous group of the CS?
For all mass of CS concerning group C (see Tab. № 1), we suggest to use the addition formula «basically-factor pairs» with a subtraction in each of such pair the size of BC. Differently - it is necessary for us to define, how much each of criteria changes (increases or reduces) initial value. As we have already considered this initial value (BC) in calculation, means, it is necessary to exclude it in each, subsequent of the first action! Therefore the final formula will look as the equation in which to initial value of BC will added sum of «basically-factor pairs», received as a result of multiplication of Basic Cost to everyone (chosen by TES expert) factor of 20 criteria (Х 1, Х 2 … Х 20) with the subsequent subtraction from each pair of BC value. These new variants named TES-3 and TES-4, logic formation of methodology TES on carrying out of calculations of definition of a current market price of any CS comes to the end. Distinctions between TES-3 and TES-4 consist that in TES-3 Basic Cost is defined (as on TES-1) by inclusion in it of all expenses before addition operation of «basically-factor pairs», and in variant TES-4 - (as in TES-2) all expenses which have not been connected with the cost price of the CS, are added in the end of calculation.

Finally calculation formulas have the following appearance:

For method TES-1:

BC = PC + E + L; PC = CM + CW;
BC = S
S х Х 1 х Х 2 х Х 3 х Х 4 х Х 5 х Х 6 х Х 7 х Х 8 х Х 9 х Х 10 х Х 11 х Х 12 х Х 13 х Х 14 х Х 15 х Х 16 х Х 17 х Х 18 х Х 19 х Х 20 = PC1$USD


For method TES-2:

BC = PC = CM+CW;
BC = S
(S х Х 1 х Х 2 х Х 3 х Х 4 х Х 5 х Х 6 х Х 7 х Х 8 х Х 9 х Х 10 х Х 11 х Х 12 х Х 13 х Х 14 х Х 15 х Х 16 х Х 17 х Х 18 х Х 19 х Х 20) + E + L = PC2$USD


For method TES-3:

BC = PC + E + L; PC = CM + CW;
BC = S
S + (S х Х 1 - S) + (S х Х 2 - S) + (S х Х 3 - S) + (S х Х 4 - S) + (S х Х 5 - S) + (S х Х 6 - S) + (S х Х 7 - S) + (S х Х 8 - S) + (S х Х 9 - S) + (S х Х 10 - S) + (S х Х 11 - S) + (S х Х 12 - S) + (S х Х 13 - S) + (S х Х 14 - S) + (S х Х 15 - S) + (S х Х 16 - S) + (S х Х 17 - S) + (S х Х 18 - S) + (S х Х 19 - S) + (S х Х 20 - S) =
= S + ∑ (S x Хn - S) = PC3$USD
n=20


For method TES-4:

BC = PC = CM+CW;
BC = S
S + (S х Х 1 - S) + (S х Х 2 - S) + (S х Х 3 - S) + (S х Х 4 - S) + (S х Х 5 - S) + (S х Х 6 - S) + (S х Х 7 - S) + (S х Х 8 - S) + (S х Х 9 - S) + (S х Х 10 - S) + (S х Х 11 - S) + (S х Х 12 - S) + (S х Х 13 - S) + (S х Х 14 - S) + (S х Х 15 - S) + (S х Х 16 - S) + (S х Х 17 - S) + (S х Х 18 - S) + (S х Х 19 - S) + (S х Х 20 - S) + E + L =
= S + ∑ (S x Хn - S) + E + L = PC4$USD
n=20

Where BC - Basic Cost of the CS (=S)
PC - Primary Cost of the CS;
CM - Cost of Materials of which the CS consists;
CW - Cost of Work of the manufacturer;
E - expenses connected with CS occurrence to a modern society
(The expenses connected, for example, with cost of services of the diver lifting an amphora from a sea bottom, Or the finance which spent on a trip for purchase of the CS to another country, etc.);
L - the expenses connected with services in legalization of the CS (Legal assurance of the transaction, expert judgments, reception of the passport and marks carrying out on the CS, etc.)
Х 1, Х 2 … Х 20 - factors of BC change (according to Tab. № 2).


It is clear, that the final values received from each settlement formula (РС1, РС2, РС3 and РС4) will differ. However, these distinctions, are not less than distinctions in a formula choice, depend on that to what group of antiques (according to TES Gradation - see above) of all its variety the required CS concerns. Below practical examples of use of different formulas in each concrete case are considered in details.
Thus, we offer considerably altered, essentially new on a number of positions, approach to calculation of a market price for any subject of a collecting which together with an original technique of gradation of antiques allows to assert about possibility of more exact using of TES methodology in the antiquarian market, that in particular discovers good prospects for bank-insurance operations.
Let's remind, that the most simple version is acceptance of BC as a unit (see fig. 1,2). This version is developed for people with low level of preparation. In a life there can be cases when, for example, - or it is necessary to define the most minimum cost of the CS on which there is no possibility at this moment to receive sufficient (for calculation of BC under other versions) information (field conditions, etc.), - or the appraiser is having little education. We will underline, that final figure of cost of the CS, received at acceptance of BC as a unit, is that minimum, less than which this CS cannot precisely cost. Probably, such approach will help to some extent not to allow to deceive itself to huge number of keepers of antiques from provincial villages and cities, which the swindler-buyer forces to agree with the pseudo (on our opinion) price argumentation, having as a result of such deception the huge income from the subsequent resale.
More difficult version of choice of BC of TES methodology considers calculation carrying out on calculation of cost of modern manufacturing of analogue of estimated CS.
However the most labor-consuming work demanding enough profound knowledge and access to an actual material, consider the third version (fig. 1,2 see) meaning calculation of BC in CS’ creation time in modern currency and named by us the historical cost price of the CS. That - practically for all CS more older than hundred years - is uneasy enough scientific research and in many cases took long time. Nevertheless, such approach, on our belief, it is necessary to recognize as more objective in comparison with all others as in a question of an appraising of a personal estate for the appraiser a "starting" reference point always was and will the calculation of the cost price of a subject at the moment of its manufacturing.
It is clear, that all three values corresponding to each of three versions of BC, calculated under the same TES formula will essentially differ - the figure from first version of BC will be lower, and- from last, third, version of BC will be higher. In spite of the fact that the result of calculation of the price for the CS under third version of BC is represented to us more exact and objective, other versions also, in our opinion, should be accepted in practice of those cases when it is necessary to make quickly calculations independently. From these calculations, first two, versions of BC hardly possible to consider final figures suitable for professional accounting TES document, they are more likely necessary as a certain preliminary reference point (at conducting, for example, "street" discussions with dealers).
Therefore in practical examples (described below) we do not consider practice of calculations under first and second versions of BC, and we concentrate attention of the reader exclusively on the third, the most difficult, version of BC, considering what it will be easier for the audience to repeat calculation «on simple» scheme after development of more "difficult" way. To show work of TES methodology visually (in its updated variant of 2008), let's consider following examples for what conditionally we take a differently-thematic number of such CS:

(№1) Van Gogh's painting the "Self-portrait", sold in 2003 for 3 million $USD by European to Ukrainian businessman. Has been brought to Ukraine. Has some positive examinations from which for TES method following data are important: authenticity is confirmed by material testing and art critic researches; a canvas, paints, the sizes 40 х 55 cm; it is written by the master in 1891, it is presented to other known artist F.Gogen, the history of possession of the CS is confirmed from the moment of a writing to time of carrying out of examination of the price, a condition satisfactory - free of defects, breaking canvas and a paint layer; did not participate in exhibitions; in the documentation the air-transport insurance of 1975 for the sum of $300 thousand USD is found, and also $3 million USD insurance in 2003. Only two copies of this painting are known in the world. The painting is placed in a frame, cost about 3 thousand $USD. Expenses for transportation, insurance payment, transfers and legal assurances have made in total 8 thousand $USD.


(№2) painting of modern Lithuanian artist S. Plaugo bought by the Russian businessman in 2005 for the sum 800$USD. «The landscape of Vilnius: the old city» the Canvas, paints, 50 х 60 cm. Is brought to Russia. No documentation is present. There is more than 10 copies exist. The signature of the author original as it is bought during a street opening day. Defects are not present. The picture is placed in a frame, cost 500$USD. Additional expenses have made 150$USD.


(№3) Turkish scimitar in a sheath, the beginnings of 19 century, bought by the Canadian in Bulgaria in 1986 for 200$USD. It is brought to Canada. Has only art criticism examination from which follows, that the CS original to external signs; has a brand in gold incrustation of the unknown master; blade has small defects in the form of jags on an edge; a sheath is made later and in bad condition; names of three last proprietors are known; the weapon participated in a small exhibition in 1978 of a provincial museum without the edition of the catalogue and without insurance. Exact analogues are not present, as the blade is custom-made to the eminent client. Expenses for transportation, payment of custom charges and the tax have made 75$USD, and legal assurance of the property right - 35$USD.

(№4) marble roman statue of the first century BC, bought in 2005 in antiques-shop in Switzerland by the Russian businessman for 250 thousand $USD. It is brought to Russia. Weight of 1,35 kg, height of 25 cm, defects are about 20 %. Are available material testing and art critic examinations; the possession history for last 100 years is known. The subject has been insured for the period of transportation for the transaction sum. Additional expenses have made 4,5 thousand $USD.

(№5) Ukrainian icon of the beginning of 20 century, bought on the market for 500$USD. The new owner also is the citizen of Ukraine. The sizes 40 х 40 cm; has no special defects. Art criticism examination (300$USD) in which result it was found, that the icon during some time belonged to a rural temple (destroyed in days of war) and participated in religious practices of local level. Five exact copies of the icon has been remained. Other expenses are absent.
So, in the form of "examination" five diverse subjects are given to us. That is we are placed before the necessity to show work of TES on an example of aforementioned CS exclusively proceeding from the documents accompanying each of them, without possibility of additional examination or requirements on representation of other additional actual material.
Why do we bring an appraising question in such a manner that we connect a appraising with volume of the applied information on the CS? If you have wide experience of how during decades and nowadays in the different countries spend an appraising than, you will see the difference. In many cities at antiques-shops you can read a signboard: «the Skilled expert will make an appraising of your antiques. Welcome with your subject of olden time!» . What occurs further? You, as the client, bring a thing, skilled "appraiser" took it and, being naturally the expert in the domain of your subject and the erudite of antiques, it is valid for your (considerable) money to a descent surprises you with the story (less often - writes) about its features and defects, and on "peak" of your "pettiness" before his knowledge, already without any explanations says, that it is cost so much and so much. In 99 % of cases, with small exceptions, the appraising of all antiques occurs in this way. In other "role" there is an appraising on TES - the client is not necessary to us and the thing is not necessary, to us only are necessary documents and data necessary for TES appraising on your CS! Think of such different approaches, why? And a certain philosophy-economic sense of distinctions certainly consists that enormous set of pseudo-appraisers which today «makes antiquarian performance», first of all are interested to buy from you a thing, and - as it is possible more cheaply. In many including the advanced countries the License from the state on antiques appraising received after insignificant formalities or the dealers who have proved to the officials their business activity on trade of antiques, or - the experts-critics who have proved to the same officials their business activity in rendering of services of art critic examination according to the diploma about their education. A question «from a hall» - how it is possible to grant the License for an appraising if the only thing recognized as "an appraising method» nowadays is «leafing through pages» of catalogues fixed somewhere and ever sales of analogues?! We are convinced, that the situation with an appraising in museum-antiquarian business should vary in a root, and - on a global scale! We are convinced, that for a CS appraising the appraising standard is necessary to be confirmed by each state or at the international level. At last, we are assured and have proved it in the practice, that it is absolutely not necessary for carrying out of calculation of a market price neither presence of the owner, nor the CS! So the car appraising so is also a real estate appraising are conducted in this way. So the same should occur and in museum business - for an appraising, in our opinion, it is necessary to presence only certain "spectrum" of necessary documents and data about the CS. Because the expert-appraiser, even - if it rather highly skilled critic, cannot have knowledge in all thematic directions of antiques anyway (they are at least, 180).


Then let for our subject examples (№№ 1-5) we will accept, that all initial documentary data are checked up and correspond to true. We will begin with TES Gradation, following which carrying required CS to groups according Tab. № 2 (see above), and the received results we will place in Tab. № 3. 

 

 Table №3. Ranging of subjects (the description in the text) agrees
Gradation TES of Table №2.

The table analysis leaves, that for Van Gogh's picture (the CS №1), according to TES theory, calculation is inexpedient. However let in this case on request of the client it is necessary for all of us to make it. Considering that this CS has an exact copy - i.e. is not a unique, - in this connection for it, following TES Gradation in the Table № 1, we accept the formula of calculation TES-2.
We define Basic Cost for everyone appraised CS:

The CS №1 (a picture of the impressionist with world name Van Gogh, 1891):
The accepted formula of calculation TES-2. As a result of research in recalculation for modern US dollar it is established, that for the picture Van Gogh in far 1891 could spend from 145 to 180 $USD on a canvas and paints (CM) - as a result the appraiser accepts smaller value, т.е.145$USD; sum definition «expenses for work» (CW) has caused many contradictions, therefore it is not taken into consideration (CW = 0);
Conclusion: the Basic Cost defined under the version three, methodsTES-2, It is accepted in 145$USD (BC=PC = CM + CW =145$USD).

The CS №2 (a picture of known Lithuanian artist Stanislav Plaugo, 2005г.):
The accepted formula of calculation TES-4. It is defined, that a canvas, painter's case and paints cost to the artist not less than 65$USD (=CM), its work and trips on «an object place» (plot) has occupied time not less than 11-hours, that on a scale of charges of art union of Baltic States for the artist of its level (there are titles and ranks) makes payment from 20$USD for hour, therefore work cost on the CS (Including small transport expenses) it is defined in 220$USD (=CW).
Conclusion: the Basic Cost defined under the version three, method TES-4, It is accepted in 285$USD (BC=PC=CM+CW=220+65=285$USD)

The CS №3 (Turkish scimitar in a sheath, the beginnings of 19 century, author's work):
The accepted formula of calculation TES-1. As a result of research in recalculation for modern dollar it was possible to establish, that the Turkish smith and the jeweler-chaser for the work which they carried out Under the order, could gain from 620 to 2 thousand $USD, as a result - it is accepted figure of primary cost (PC) in 620$USD. Expenses on transportation (E) and legalization (L) have made in general complexities 110$USD.
Conclusion: the Basic Cost defined under the version three, method TES-1, It is accepted in 730$USD (BC=PC+E+L=620+110=730$USD)

The CS №4 (the Roman statue from marble, I century BC):
The accepted formula of calculation TES-2. As a result of very difficult researches it has been received, that such statue could cost from 15 to 25 silver denariis of the Roman Emperor of August (denarii weighed from 3,9 to 4,55 grams), and to be produced approximately 3 months. Following the theory of "time modular transfer» (it is studied cost of 50 subjects of a life also is compared its change «step-by-step »- for example - each hundred years) on cost recalculation in it was offered to consider antique times for modern currency the cost price of this statue from 850 to 1700$USD. As a result - the minimum sum in 850$USD (=PC) is accepted. Additional expenses - transportation, the insurance and legalization have made 4500$USD (=E+L).
Conclusion: the Basic Cost defined under the version three, formulas TES-1, It is accepted in 5350$USD.

The CS № 5 (the Ukrainian icon of the beginning of 20 centuries):
The accepted formula of calculation TES-2. It is established, that in the south of Ukraine (Where this icon has been created) expenses for purchase and basis preparation of Icon (boards) - drying, polishing and a first coat occupied group work of 3 people, which for 15 gold rubles within 3 months prepared 20 units, that from calculation of one preparation averages 0,25 gold imperial rubles. Expenses for paint, varnish and oil, gone on a plot writing are not defined. At the same time from primary sources of the beginning of 20th century it has been received, that the work of 2 Church master-artists in one of the centers of painting of icons on the south of Ukraine on five identical icons of temple type it was paid 25 gold rubles. Based on such research and recalculation into modern currency, the conclusion was made, that the own value of a certain icon can be expressed in figures from $470 to $860 USD. TES Appraiser accepts only the minimum value - 470$USD (=PC).
Conclusion: the Basic Cost defined under the version three, formula TES-2, it is accepted in 470$USD.
After enough labor-consuming definition of BC occupying from TES expert as a rule the most part of time, very attentive studying of materials art criticism and material testing examinations for the purpose of reception the convincing argument in favor of a choice of this or that factor by each criteria. Thus, besides, a major principle of a choice is acceptance of the minimum admissible value from all factor fields. As other axiom for TES appraiser about acceptance of TES Criteria as a "neutral", i.е. not working (and equal 1), the conclusion should serve in that case when there are doubts concerning proofs by the given criteria about what TES expert writes in the certificate of an appraising. We suggest to consider our choice of factors of BC change by each concrete example according Table №2 (see above) TES Criteria.

№1 (Van Gogh's picture):
Basic Cost is defined in 145$US. By criterion №2 (integrity) it is chosen 0.85 according to its condition (satisfactory, a canvas not damaged, there are cracks of a paint layer because of the factor «ageing from time», etc.) ; By criterion №3 (presence of provenance) - it is chosen 4, as completely the known and confirmed history of an origin and CS possession; by criterion №4 the maximum factor 6 as the CS belongs to the person known on a global scale, to one of founders of a new direction in impressionism, - to Vincent van Gogh is unequivocally accepted; by criterion №5 the maximum factor 8 in connection with participation of the CS in the world famous historic figure - to artist Gauguin who owned this picture also is accepted; by criteria № 6 and № 7 we accept factor 1 in connection with absence of the bases for acceptance of other value; by criterion № 8 we choose factor 2 as the object was in territory of military actions owing to which the object could be irrevocably lost; by criterion № 9 we apply factor 2 on the basis of presence of the signature of the author, and also the numerous deciphered signs on the former owners; By criterion № 10 we carry the CS to group T ( difficult-to-maintain) subjects and according to a technique we accept factor 3; by criterion №11 it is accepted 1 as proofs of participation of examined CS to other known CSs are not present; by criterion № 12, increasing the price depending on complexity of techniques of execution it is accepted 2 because the master possessed original, not easy to duplicate technique of a dab; by criteria № 13 and № 14 we apply factor 2 on the basis of conclusions of experts-critics about high art and scientific value of a picture of Van Gogh; by criterion № 15 we apply factor 1 in connection with absence of special value of applied materials; by criterion №16 to it is applied 1 because the sizes of a subject the usual; by criterion № 17 there are no bases to speak about change of consumer qualities, therefore choose 1; by criterion № 18 are compelled to use factor 0,2 in connection with operating interdiction of export of this valuable picture to Ukraine; By criterion № 19, allowing to increase the price depending on presence of additional details, in our opinion, it is possible to say about factor 1,5 on the basis of that the owner has essentially improved perception of a masterpiece of Van Gogh by expensive frame; criterion № 20 it is chosen 1 as restoration and other changes of object of examination were not spent; by criterion № 21 on the basis of absence of data about occurrence in structure of a thematic collection number of the present owner (the picture is not hung out on a review, for example, in own museum, it is not declared in the catalogue of pictures of the owner, etc.) it is accepted 1.
As a result we settle the calculation under formula TES-2:

145$USD х 0,8 х 4 х 6 х 8 х 1 х 1 х 2 х 2 х 3 х 1 х 2 х 2 х 2 х 1 х 1 х 1 х 0,2 х 1,5 х 1 х 1 + 8000$USD = 649,433.60$USD
Thus, TES appraiser has received a settlement market price for Van Gogh's picture in 649,433.60 USD dollars. How this figure "is combined" with purchase cost in 3 and above million US dollars? It seemed, that such settlement sum at all does not mean, that the owner has strongly overpaid in the given concrete case as this picture, according to TES theory, concerns to objects with publicly recognized price (group), and for a long time already is in great demand. It is known in world space, as far as widespread the information on its sale for the sum specified above. The settlement figure means that fact, that according to the conventions accepted in a society and the international economic norms, examined picture cannot cost in any way less the than calculated figure. In particular this size can be for example accepted by insurance company if its expert signing the insurance contract, does not make bold to agree to the price of last sale.
As to the made calculations and further "steps" of TES appraiser it is possible to tell, that the basic part of work is executed, - further TES expert should carry out the comparative analysis of the received figure against the past ever known before facts of sale of analogues and other works of this master. With reference to the given example on Vincent van Gogh's pictures in a genre "Self-portrait", according to data of known expert Simon Houpt /7/, the sale price of one of "Self-portraits" at a rate of more 570 thousand US dollars is fixed. So, calculated on TES price for the required "Self-portrait", exceeding 649 thousand $USD, has all bases to be accepted for, for example, crediting under pledge or insurance.
About requirements to the form of the written report we will return later, and now we will continue consideration of TES calculations on the subjects of antiques chosen as an example.

№2 (Stanislav Plaugo's painting):
Basic Cost is defined in 285$USD. By criterion №2 (integrity) it is chosen 1 according to its excellent condition - a picture new; by criterion №3 (presence of provenance) - it is chosen 1 as the object has no origin history yet, and the owner is the first person; by criterion №4 we accept factor 3 as the author has reached national level of a recognition; by criterion №5 also we accept factor 1 in connection with absence of data on participation of the CS in any known historic figure; by criteria № 6 and № 7 factor 1 in connection with absence of the bases for acceptance of other value; by criterion № 8 also we choose factor 1 as the object was not in territory of military actions owing to which the object could be irrevocably lost; by criterion № 9 we apply factor 2 on the basis of presence of the signature of the author, and also a personal stamp of the new owner; By criterion № 10 we carry the CS to group T (is difficult-kept) subjects but as the CS is recently created and has no hundred-year-old age conditionally accepted for calculations we accept factor 1; by criterion №11 it is accepted 1 as data on participation of a picture to other historically significant CSs are absent; by criterion № 12, increasing the price depending on complexity of techniques of execution, we accept 2 because the master possesses original, difficultly-duplicated techniques of dab; by criteria № 13 we apply factor 2 on the basis of a conclusion about high art value of a picture; by criterion № 14 we accept factor 1 in connection with absence (for the present) the facts of a recognition of pictures of S.Plaugo to valuable exhibits in the scientific plan; by criterion № 15 we apply factor 1 in connection with absence of special value of applied materials; by criterion №16 to it is applied 1 because the sizes of a subject the usual; By criterion № 17 there are no bases to speak about change of consumer qualities, therefore choose 1; by criterion № 18 are compelled to use factor 0,2 in connection with operating interdiction of export of this picture for boarders of Russia; by criterion № 19, allowing to increase the price depending on presence of additional details in our opinion it is possible to say about factor 1,5 on the basis of that the owner has essentially improved perception of a picture with expensive frame; criterion № 20 it is chosen 1 as restoration and other changes of object of examination were not spent; by criterion № 21 on it is accepted 1 as data about occurrence in structure of a thematic number are not present.
As a result we settle the calculation under formula TES-4:

285$USD + (285 х 1 - 285) + (285 х 1 - 285) + (285 х 3 - 285) + (285 х 1 - 285) + (285 х 1 - 285) + (285 х 1 - 285) + (285 х 1 - 285) + (285 х 2 - 285) + (285 х 1 +285) + (285 х 1-285) + (285 х 2 - 285) + (285 х 2 - 285) + (285 х 1 - 285) + (285 х 1 - 285) + (285 х 1 - 285) + (285 х 1 - 285) + (285 х 0,2 - 285) + (285 х 1,5 - 285) + (285 х 1 - 285) + (285 х 1 - 285) + 150$USD = 1,774.50$USD
Thus, TES appraiser has received a settlement market price for a picture of known Lithuanian artist Stanislav Plaugo in 1 thousand 774,5 US dollars, that above the purchase price (800$USD) and even under condition of its moving to Russia (where restrictions on antiques export operates) testifies in favor of favorable capital investment. As to the comparative analysis for the given example if attentively to study the facts confirming demand for this artist it is possible to find out acquisition of its pictures by many celebrated personalities and the prices of transactions for some of them in some thousand of English pounds. Therefore in the given example of calculation to TES appraiser serious claims or criticism will be hardly shown, that besides confirms possibility of use of the given technique in bank-insurance sector.

The CS № 3 (Turkish ятаган in a sheath)
Basic Cost is defined in 730$USD. By criterion №2 (integrity) it is chosen 0.75 according to a condition of the main CS - blade as in subjects of a cold steel it is considered the main thing exclusively blade, and all other components (a sheath, a sword belt, etc.) certainly bearing cultural-historical value nevertheless are additional details; by criterion №3 (presence of history of possession) - it is chosen 2, as confirmed partially; by criterion №4 we accept factor 1 as the CS at the moment of examination was not possible to decipher a name of the master and consequently while there are no data about an blade accessory to school of any known manufacturer of the weapon; by criterion №5 we also accept factor 1 in connection with absence data of participation of the CS to any historic figure; by criteria № 6 and № 7 factor 1 in connection with absence of the bases for acceptance of other value; by criterion № 8 we choose factor 2 as the object was in territory of military actions owing to which the object could be irrevocably lost; by criterion № 9 we apply factor 2 on the basis of presence of a brand of the author; By criterion № 10 we carry the CS to L group (concerning as easy-kept) subjects and according to a technique we accept factor 1,5; by criterion №11 it is accepted 1 as we have no proofs about concerning of the CS to other known CSs; by criterion № 12, increasing the price depending on complexity of techniques of execution it is accepted 2 because the master possessed original, difficultly-duplicated techniques of creation of the author's weapon; by criteria № 13 and № 14 we apply factor 2 on the basis of conclusions of experts-critics about high art and scientific value of scimitar; by criterion № 15 we apply factor 2 in connection with presence on the blade, gold incrustation, - i.e. special value of a material; by criterion №16 it is applied 1 because the sizes of a subject the usual; By criterion № 17 there are no bases to speak about change of consumer qualities, therefore choose 1 – the blade can be used as a weapon, despite age and some defects of an edge (which are easily eliminated by competent sharpening); by criterion № 18 we use factor 1 in connection with absence of any interdictions of the Canadian owner on moving and CS sale; by criterion № 19, allowing to increase the price depending on presence of additional details in our opinion it is possible to speak about factor 1,5 on the basis of presence of a sheath; by criterion № 20 it is chosen 1 as restoration and other changes of object were not spent; by criterion № 21 on the basis of absence of data about occurrence in structure of a thematic collection number of the present owner it is accepted 1.
As a result we settle an invoice under formula TES-1:

730$USD х 0,75 х 2 х 1 х 1 х 1 х 1 х 2 х 2 х 1,5 х 1 х 2 х 2 х 2 х 2 х 1 х 1 х 1 х 1,5 х 1 х 1 = 157,680.60$USD
Thus, TES appraiser has received a settlement market price for a Turkish unique-scimitar in 157,680.60 US dollars. Probably against rather small data on sale of scimitars for the price above 50 thousand dollars (to authors are known only 3 cases of such transactions for last 10 years), to someone will seem that the given price is overestimated, but - besides following logic - if rare post stamp «turned Janny» which it is known in the world about 100 pieces, buy for $825 thousand USD, so it’s not required special determination in a recognition of that the unique-scimitar, known in given implementation as a unique in the world, with a big fraction of possibility cannot cost six times less than a «colorful piece of paper» copies of which accounted in about a hundred! To accept to the insurer or the banker this appraising or to ask about recalculation under other TES formula – should the customer finally solve this, but the given calculation of a market price absolutely logical and comprehensible is represented to us.

The CS № 4 (the Roman marble statue, I century BC):
Basic Cost is defined in 5350$USD. By criterion №2 (integrity) it is chosen 0.79 according to the condition of a statue described in numerous expert judgments as having 20 % deficiency; by criterion №3 (presence of history of possession) - it is chosen 2, as confirmed partially; by criterion №4 we accept factor 1 as the CS at the moment of examination was not possible to learn a name of the master; by criterion №5 we also accept factor 1 in connection with absence of data of participation of the CS to any historic figure; by criteria № 6 and № 7 factor 1 in connection with absence of the bases for acceptance of other value; by criterion № 8 we choose factor 2 as the object was in territory of military actions owing to which the object could be irrevocably lost; by criterion № 9 we apply factor 1 on the basis of absence of any marks and signs; By criterion № 10 we carry the CS to L group (concerning is easy-kept) subjects and according to a technique we accept factor 6 (=20х0,25 + 1); by criterion №11 it is accepted 1 as we have no proofs about concerning of the CS to other known CSs; by criterion № 12 we accept factor 2 because the technician of art processing of marble is individual and difficult; by criteria № 13 and № 14 we apply factor 2 on the basis of conclusions of experts-critics about high art and scientific value of the Roman statue; by criterion № 15 we apply factor 1 in connection with absence of special value of a material (marble usual, not rare, other materials are not present); by criterion №16 it is applied 1 because the sizes of a subject the usual; by criterion № 17 there are no bases to speak about change of consumer qualities, therefore choose 1; by criterion № 18 we use factor 0,2 in connection with an interdiction of export from Russia; By criterion № 19, allowing to increase the price depending on presence of additional details in our opinion it is necessary to speak only about factor 1; by criterion № 20 it is chosen 1 as restoration and other changes of object were not spent; by criterion № 21 on the basis of absence of data about occurrence in structure of a thematic collection number of the present owner it is accepted 1.
As a result we settle an invoice under formula TES-1:

5350$USD х 0,79 х 2 х 1 х 1 х 1 х 1 х 2 х 1 х 6 х 1 х 2 х 2 х 2 х 1 х 1 х 1 х 0,2 х 1 х 1 х 1 =
= 162,297.60$USD
Thus, TES appraiser has received a settlement market price for the Roman unique-statue of the first century BC in 162,297.60 US dollars. This figure hardly will cause criticism from the party, for example - insurers, - the prices for similar CSs in public reports of sales have a limit of a variation from several tens thousand to several millions US dollars. As to the CSs imported on «a constant residence permit» to Russia or Ukraine in connection with the legislation of these countries existing nowadays an interdiction of export of any thing older than 100 years, application of factor of the CS market cost reducing in five times quite reflects market realities. Therefore, if similar, for example statue is in a collection, of the Canadian it would cost by technique TES more than 800 thousand dollars. For approximately such sum in 2001 (765 thousand $USD) has been sold the Visantian-Greek statue 2 century AD with size 37 cm, by the dealer from Switzerland in one of private museums of the USA /7/

The CS №5 (the Ukrainian icon of the beginning of 20 century)
Basic Cost is defined in 470$USD. By criterion №2 (integrity) it is chosen 0,85 according to its satisfactory condition; by criterion №3 - presence of history of an origin - it is chosen 1 as no data are present; by criterion №4 we accept factor 1 as the author is unknown; by criterion №5 also we accept factor 1 in connection with absence of data on participation of the CS in any known historic figure; by criterion № 6 we choose factor 1 in connection with absence of the bases for acceptance of other value; by criterion № 7 there are bases to apply factor 2 corresponding to a conclusion about participation of a subject of examination in religious practices of local value; by criterion № 8 we choose factor 2 as the object was in territory of military actions owing to which could be irrevocably lost; by criterion № 9 we apply factor 1 on the basis of absence of signatures and marks in an icon; By criterion № 10 we carry the CS to group T (is difficult-kept) subjects the period of manufacturing about hundred years ago, therefore we accept factor 3; by criterion №11 it is accepted 1 as data on participation of an icon to other historically significant CSs are absent; by criterion № 12, increasing the price depending on complexity of techniques of execution it is accepted 2 because the master who wrote an icon, according to a conclusion of the expert-critic possessed original, difficult techniques of a writing in this connection the icon has got folklore character, usual for this district; by criteria № 13 we apply factor 2 on the basis of a conclusion about high art value of a picture; by criterion № 14 we accept factor 2 in connection with the fact of a recognition of an icon the expert-critic to valuable exhibits in the scientific plan; by criterion № 15 we apply factor 1 in connection with absence of special value of applied materials; By criterion №16 is applied 1 because the sizes of a subject is usual; by criterion № 17 there are no bases to speak about change of consumer qualities, therefore choose 1; by criterion № 18 are compelled to use factor 0,2 in connection with operating interdiction of export of this icon for boarders of Ukraine; by criterion № 19, allowing to increase the price depending on presence of additional details in our opinion it is possible to speak only about factor 1 as additional details (the gospel, icon case, etc.) are not present; by criterion № 20 it is chosen 1 as restoration and other changes of object of examination were not spent; by criterion № 21 on it is accepted 1 as data about occurrence in structure of a thematic number are not present.
As a result we settle an invoice under formula TES-2:

470$USD х 0,85 х 1 х 1 х 1 х 1 х 2 х 2 х 1 х 3 х 1 х 2 х 2 х 2 х 1 х 1 х 1 х 0,2 х 1 х 1 х 1 + + 300$USD = 7,970.40$USD
Thus, a market price of the Ukrainian icon, which copies according to art critic examination it is known five, makes seven thousand 970,4 US dollars.

Above we have convincingly enough proved logicality of the theory and practical applicability of formulas of calculation of a market price on our TES methodology for absolutely different in detail-thematic directions. In this connection, it is represented an obvious reality existing nowadays «is chaotic-shapeless mass» antiquarian appraising to enter firm enough "core" of the control over pricing which will give «in hands» the powerful lever to any proprietor of the CS, and also will allow ability to leave on "field" to such strong players as insurers and bankers, having thrown out in "outsiders" of swindlers of a different rank.
Probably, some group of users will ask a question - «And how much the values calculated under identical formula TES of the prices for the same CS differs from each other, at acceptance of various versions of Basic Cost? After all, following TES methodology, in some cases the researcher (especially with weak level of preparation) is compelled to accept BC under versions one and two which in the first case provide acceptance of BC for 1, and in the second - recommend to define BC on the basis of modern cost of materials.» In this connection, we suggest the reader to analyze in a comparative variant of value of the prices calculated on different versions of BC on the above-stated CSs (Table №4).

The table № 4. Values of a market price for the CS (taken as examples - explanations in the text), received as a result of acceptance of each of three versions of Basic Cost (BC).

* at calculation under this version all additional expenses (L+E; see Chapter 1) are summarized in the end, i.e. increase to the calculated value;
** PC - Primary Cost (PC=CM + CW; explanations above see Chapter 1);
*** calculation of these values of a market price is in detail considered above and is the most objective from the point of view of logic and TES theory.

As follows from this table №4 values of calculations of market cost of the CS under different versions of BC rather different. The highest value of such settlement price are the values received under the version three. It, in our opinion, is absolutely lawful and logical, acceptance of this "line" demanding from TES appraiser the convincing argument of a writing of each figure in calculation of the historical cost price of the CS, explained by distinction between a modern level of development of technologies and, frequently rather and rather labor-intensive process of manufacturing of a masterpiece (or a simple subject of a life), in absolutely, apparently, near past. For example, in our cases concerning V. Van Gogh's painting (the CS №1) TES appraiser under version 2 (BC) value of Primary Cost (equal to BC in formula TES-2) in total 25 US dollars is accepted. Why? The logic of acceptance of this value speaks first of all those initial data on which basis this or that conclusion becomes, and secondly - careful studying of all "field" of real values which correspond to the modern cost price of manufacturing of a picture and a payment of the author. Thus, we will repeat - a conclusion in a choice of the figure included in final calculation, becomes in favor of the minimum value. In this case on Van Gogh's picture of 1891 figure BC of version 2 of in total 25 US dollars , - unlike same modern picture Plaugo in 285$USD is accepted. We will explain why. First, Van Gogh became well-known considerably after his time while pictures of nowadays well known artist Stanislav Plaugo are popular in a certain part of public in Europe from the beginning of 90th years owing to what he is accepted in the Union of Artists and is recognized as the master of painting by Academy of Arts of the Great Britain. Naturally Plaugo's work has higher, recognized by a society payment, than work of any other, little-known artist. In it the first difference in "appointment" of our BC value of Plaugo’s pictures and Van Gogh - after all, the great impressionist has not been recognized in due time in any way by a society and its work was appreciated the same as any other little-known painter (in difference, for example, from its contemporary I. Aivazovskiy). Hence, TES appraiser has no bases to precisely express cost of work of Van Gogh while that Plagau’s can be accepted for calculation. Secondly, concerning Plagau’s picture it is possible to define absolutely accurately how many there are were materials which have gone on its creation. And here, following possible conclusions at cost in Holland (1891 of Van Gogh’s similar picture) to a modern canvas, and paints, the appraiser can have "field" from 25 dollars to 350. It is Above explained why the minimum value in 25$USD is chosen.
Speaking about possible choice of BC under the version two also should be underlined especially, in our opinion, that is far not in all cases values of definition of Primary Cost of the CS, accepted on the basis of modern calculations, more low, than similar - the "historical" true cost of "ancient" work deduced as a result of labor-consuming searches and materials. Because in many cases of the conclusions under «the historical cost price» TES appraisers conclusion became, that for CS creation was used either work of slaves, or other category of dependent workers, that finally and defined rather low (in comparison with possible modern manufacturing) values.

Conclusion:
On the basis of presented above theoretical materials and a practical illustration of work of TES methodology, it is possible to assert, that the given scientific approach has the big economic and socio-historical prospect in case of license commercial application of the Patent.